One use of out- is to produce compound transitive verbs incorporating a competitive meaning of “exceed, surpass”. It generally combines with nouns or verbs:
Nouns: outclass, outdistance, outgun, outnumber, outpace, outrank, outwit
Verbs: outdo, outfight, outlast, outlive, outperform, outrun, outshine, outweigh
In general, those formed from nouns mean “have higher/better/more ~ than”, and those formed from verbs mean “~better/more/longer than”, but there is a good deal of lexicalisation and specialisation of meaning. For example, outshine means”surpass in excellence”, outweigh “have greater importance/influence than”, outdistance X “get far ahead of X”, and so on. Outsmart is exceptional in having an adjective as the second base and outsize in being itself an adjective.
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